Volume : 12, Issue : 4, APR 2026

ELECTRICAL VEHICLE BMS WITH CHARGE MONITOR &FIRE PROTECTION USING STM-32

B ANAND SWAROOP*, K SAMUEL PRASANTH, P PARDHA SARADHA, S CHANDANA, K SAGAR NOOKESH

Abstract

The rapid growth of electric vehicles (EVs) has increased the demand for efficient and safe battery management systems (BMS). This paper presents the design and implementation of an EV battery management system with integrated charge monitoring and fire protection using an STM32 microcontroller. The system continuously monitors battery parameters such as voltage, current, and temperature to ensure safe operation. A temperature sensor is used for real-time thermal monitoring, and protective actions are triggered when unsafe conditions occur. The system supports both fast and slow charging modes, optimizing performance while maintaining safety. In case of overheating, the system activates a relay-based isolation mechanism and alerts the user through a buzzer. Experimental results demonstrate accurate monitoring, efficient charge control, and reliable fire protection. The proposed system offers a cost-effective and scalable solution for EV battery safety and management.

Article : Download PDF

Cite This Article

IESRJ

International Educational Scientific Research Journal

E-ISSN: 2455-295X

International Indexed Journal | Multi-Disciplinary Refereed Research Journal

ISSN: 2455-295X

Peer-Reviewed Journal - Equivalent to UGC Approved Journal

Peer-Reviewed Journal

Article No : 19

Number of Downloads : 38

References

1. Project Report, Electrical Vehicle BMS with Charge Monitor & Fire Protection Using STM32, Avanthi Institute of Engineering and Technology.

2. M. H. Rashid, Power Electronics: Circuits, Devices, and Applications, Pearson Education, 2014.

3. R. W. Erickson and D. Maksimovi?, Fundamentals of Power Electronics, Springer, 2001.

4. STMicroelectronics, STM32F103C8T6 Microcontroller Datasheet, 2020.

5. G. Plett, “Extended Kalman Filtering for Battery Management Systems,” Journal of Power Sources, vol. 134, pp. 252–261, 2004.

6. X. Feng, M. Ouyang, X. He, et al., “Thermal Runaway Mechanism of Lithium-Ion Batteries,” Journal of Power Sources, vol. 275, pp. 261–267, 2015.

7. H. He, R. Xiong, J. Fan, “Evaluation of Lithium-Ion Battery State of Charge Estimation Methods,” Applied Energy, vol. 102, pp. 582–598, 2013.

8. A. Khaligh and Z. Li, “Battery, Ultracapacitor, Fuel Cell, and Hybrid Energy Storage Systems for Electric Vehicles,” IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology, vol. 59, no. 6, pp. 2806–2814, 2010.

9. S. Piller, M. Perrin, A. Jossen, “Methods for State-of-Charge Determination and Their Applications,” Journal of Power Sources, vol. 96, pp. 113–120, 2001.

10. N. Omar, P. Van den Bossche, J. Van Mierlo, “Lithium-Ion Battery Aging and Performance Analysis,” Energies, vol. 7, no. 5, pp. 3007–3027, 2014