Volume : 11, Issue : 1, JAN 2025

BHARAT SANGH MEIN BHASHA ANDOLAN : EK ADHYAYAN

NARPAT KUMAR

Abstract

bharat ek bahubhashi aur bahu sanskritik desh hai, jismein 22 adhikarik bhaashaen hain aur anek kshetreey bhaashaon ka astitv hai. yahaan kee bhaashaee vividhata na keval saamaajik aur saanskrtik pahachaan ka hissa hai, balki yah desh kee raajaneeti, prashaasan aur raashtreey ekata ke lie bhee mahatvapoorn hai. svatantrata ke baad bhaarat mein bhaashaee asahamati aur sangharshon kee ek lambee shrrnkhala rahee hai, jinamen pramukh roop se hindee virodhee aandolan, bangaalee bhaasha aandolan, panjaabee sooba aandolan aur any kshetreey bhaashaon se sambandhit aandolanon ka ullekh kiya ja sakata hai. in aandolanon ne bhaarat sangh mein bhaasha neeti aur sangheey vyavastha par gahara prabhaav daala. bhaarat ka sanvidhaan bhaashaee vividhata ko sveekaar karata hai aur isake anusaar, hindee ko sangh kee aadhikaarik bhaasha ke roop mein ghoshit kiya gaya, lekin angrezee ko bhee jaaree rakhane kee vyavastha kee gaee. isake saath hee, sanvidhaan mein raajy aur kendr star par bhaashaee samaanata aur adhikaaron ko lekar kaee praavadhaan die gae. isake baavajood, bhaashaee asahamati ne bhaarat mein samay-samay par raajaneetik aandolan ko janm diya, jinaka mukhy uddeshy kisee vishesh bhaasha ko sanvaidhaanik ya prashaasanik adhikaar dilavaana tha. hindee virodhee aandolan vishesh roop se tamilanaadu mein hua, jahaan tamil bhaashiyon ne hindee ko aadhikaarik bhaasha banae jaane ke khilaaph virodh pradarshan kiya. isake parinaamasvaroop, kendr sarakaar ko hindee ko sah-aadhikaarik bhaasha banae rakhane ka nirnay lena pada. isee prakaar, bangaalee bhaasha aandolan mein baanglaadesh (tatkaaleen poorvee paakistaan) mein bangaalee bhaasha ko raajy kee aadhikaarik bhaasha banaane ke lie sangharsh hua, jabaki panjaabee sooba aandolan ne panjaabee bhaashee raajy kee sthaapana kee maang kee. in aandolanon ne bhaarateey sangheey dhaanche ko prabhaavit kiya aur kaee raajyon mein bhaasha ke aadhaar par punargathan hua. bhaashaee asmita ke sangharsh ne kshetreey raajaneeti ko bhee majabootee dee, aur raajy aur kendr ke beech sambandhon

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