Volume : 11, Issue : 2, FEB 2025

NATIONAL CONFERENCE ON “ROLE OF BIOTECHNOLOGY IN AGRICULTURE, CHEMICAL, PHYSICAL, AND ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT” (NCB-2025)

BIOTECHNOLOGICAL ADVANCEMENTS IN DIABETES MANAGEMENT: FROM GENE EDITING TO SMART INSULIN DELIVERY SYSTEMS

ABHA DHINGRA*, CHANDRA GURNANI, NIDHI GOSWAMI, VIKRAM KUMAR

Abstract

Diabetes is a chronic metabolic disorder that affects millions worldwide, requiring continuous monitoring and management to prevent severe complications. This review explores the latest advancements in diabetes treatment, with a focus on biotechnology-driven innovations. Insulin therapy, a cornerstone of diabetes management since its discovery in 1921, has evolved significantly, from animal-derived insulin to genetically engineered human insulin and novel delivery systems. Recent breakthroughs include automated insulin delivery (AID) systems, glucose-sensitive insulin, and artificial pancreas technology, which enhance glycemic control and reduce patient burden. Additionally, emerging approaches such as gene therapy, CRISPR-based gene editing, stem cell-derived beta cell regeneration, and mRNA therapeutics offer promising alternatives to conventional treatments. These advances aim to improve insulin regulation, reduce the risk of hypoglycemia, and potentially provide long-term solutions for diabetes management. This study provides an overview of current and future treatment strategies, emphasizing the role of biotechnology in shaping the future of diabetes care.

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