Volume : 11, Issue : 2, FEB 2025

NATIONAL CONFERENCE ON “ROLE OF BIOTECHNOLOGY IN AGRICULTURE, CHEMICAL, PHYSICAL, AND ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT” (NCB-2025)

URBAN HEAT ISLAND: A SYSTEMATIC LITERATURE REVIEW USING DPSIR MODEL

NIKITA*

Abstract

The dramatic surge in ecological footprint due to unmanaged and unbalanced urban growth portrays a harsh reality, illustrating how the environment is being exploited on a global scale. Urban Heat Island (UHI) emerges as a prominent challenge confronting cities worldwide, commonly attributed to extensive urbanization, burgeoning populations, and human activities. However, this prompts the question: Are these factors solely responsible for UHI, or are there other underlying causes? Employing the DPSIR framework, this paper analyzes root causes, their consequences, and interconnections to formulate effective responses. Cities profoundly impact their immediate surroundings, particularly in temperature regulation and water balance. Research reveals variations in UHI values among urban locales due to shifts in land use patterns. Through a literature review, this paper explores studies elucidating key drivers exerting pressure on the environment and necessitating interventions. The observed upward trend in UHI values is linked to the expansion of built-up areas and the decline in green cover. Escalating global temperatures and air pollution, driven by rapid unplanned urbanization, exacerbate human discomfort and climate dynamics. Although various methodologies have been employed, numerical modelling studies remain limited. Natural factors influence temperature dynamics, underscoring nature's intrinsic balance. However, human interference disrupts this equilibrium. Addressing this issue necessitates the implementation of effective solutions.

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