Volume : 4, Issue : 2, FEB 2018

HISTORY OF WATER HARVESTING METHODS AND SCREENING OF PLANT BASED COAGULANTS FOR REMOVAL OF CHROMIUM (VI) & FLUORIDE

N. GANDHI, D. SIRISHA

Abstract

India is a country with a deep historical roots and cultural traditions. These traditions and practices evolved and developed by our fore fathers thousands of years ago have played an important role in different spheres of life. The most important among these is the tradition of collecting, storing and preserving water for various uses. High inter-annual variability and erratic rainfall distribution in space and time contributed to water limiting conditions during cropping season. For such areas with inadequate rainfall, carefully selected water conservation and harvesting techniques offers the potential to improved access to potable water for humans and increased access for crops and livestock is of great importance. The present study is describing about the traditional water harvesting methods and water pollution controlling technologies by using plant based coagulants, which abundantly available around the users. Coagulation/flocculation is one of the most widely used for wastewater treatment, as it is efficient and simple to operate. This process is used to evaluate the removal efficiency of chromium and fluoride present in harvested water/ synthetic waste water. Natural coagulants have been attracting wide interest of researchers because they have the advantages of biodegradability, safe for human health, environmental friendly, generally toxic free and produce no secondary pollution. These coagulants are extracted from natural and renewable sources, such as microorganisms, animals or plants. Not only this, the sludge volume generated by the natural coagulants is smaller than chemical coagulants; it can further be treated biologically or can be disposed safely as soil conditioners because of their non-toxicity. The raw plant extracts are often available locally and hence, a low-cost alternative to chemical coagulants. The coagulants used in this study were mostly medicinal plants and do not show any harmful effects on consumers health. The study reveals that all the coagulants used in the present investigation has efficiency to remove chromium and fluoride from synthetic wastewater and harvested water.

Keywords

Water Harvesting, Natural Coagulants, Chromium (VI), Fluoride, Traditional Water Harvesting Methods And Medicinal Plants.

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