Volume : 8, Issue : 2, FEB 2022

ASSESSMENT OF THE PSYCHOLOGICAL HEALTH, QUALITY OF LIFE IN PRE COVID - 19, DURING COVID - 19 AND POST COVID - 19 PATIENTS AND ITS ASSOCIATION WITH THE DIETARY PATTERNS OF INDIANS AGED 50-85 YEARS

MS. SARAH MOHAMMED KHALID, DR. REKHA BATTALWAR

Abstract

The COVID – 19 pandemic is one of the major health crises which have changed the lives of millions all over the world. The study aimed to assess the psychological health, quality of life and its association with the dietary patterns of Indian adults in pre COVID–19, during COVID–19 and post COVID–19 patients aged 50-85 years. This observational prospective/retrospective comparative study was carried out on 351 participants who have been infected with COVID - 19 aged 50-85 years. The validated questionnaire was administered to the patients to assess the psychological health and overall well-being of the participants using five validated scales for three different phases, i.e., pre COVID - 19, during COVID - 19 and post COVID - 19. The scales used in the study were Depression, Anxiety and Stress scale (DASS-21), COVID - 19 Stress Scale, Perceived Stress Scale modified for COVID - 19 (PSS-10-C) and WHO-QOL BREF (Quality of life). A 24-hour dietary recall was taken which was correlated with the PSS-10-C to study the impact of psychological health on dietary patterns in different phases of COVID - 19. Along with the questionnaire administration, standard telephonic nutrition counseling was done for individual patients as well as family members. Participants experienced difficulty in relaxing (47.6%), over reactive to situations (41.0%), nervous arousal (42.5%) and getting agitated (42.7%) during COVID - 19 phase. The anxiety subscale of the DASS-21 revealed that 43.9% of the participants experienced difficulty in breathing and feeling scared without any reason. About 39.6% experienced dryness of mouth, worried about situations of panic (39.9%). The mean energy (1415.7 ±309.6 kcal), protein (40.9 ±10.9g), carbohydrate (174.4 ±34.8g) and fat intake (46.5 ±13.0g) of the participants during COVID - 19 infection period which indicated that the consumption of these macronutrients as well as micronutrients decreased dramatically during the COVID - 19 phase as compared to pre COVID - 19 and post COVID - 19 period. The correlation of 24-hour diet recall with the stress, anxiety and depression subscale of the PSS-10-C revealed that the consumption of protein, carbohydrate, iron, selenium, fibre, omega-3 fatty acids, Vitamin A, riboflavin, pyridoxine, and Vitamin D was inversely related to stress, anxiety and depression levels. The psychological health, mental health, social well-being and Quality of Life of the participants were adversely affected during the COVID - 19 phase as compared to the pre COVID - 19 and post COVID - 19 phases.

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